Sehemu hii tutazungumzia jinsi ya kutunza shamba la mahindi ambapo tutagusia mambo makuu manne (4) ambayo ni; nyasi na magugu shambani, mbolea, wadudu shambani, pamoja na matumizi ya kemikali shambani. Mambo haya manne yamefafanuliwa zaidi hapa chini.
Wadudu: Fangasi: Puccinia sorghi | |
Dalili: 1. Hutokea vijidonda/ vijitobo au vijiuvimbe vyenye rangi ya kahawia mpaka yenye wekundu kama wa tofali la kuchoma sehemu za juu na za chini ya uso wa jani/ majani. Alama hizi kwenye ugonjwa wa Southern rust zina rangi ya chungwa mpaka rangi ya kahawia ambayo haijakolea na mara nyingi inakuwa chini ya uso wa jani/ majani. 2. Alama hizi kwenye ugonjwa wa Common rust huwa haziwi nzito (kujaa sana) ukilinganisha na katika ugonjwa wa Southern rust 3. Uwepo wa mipasuko kwenye majani kuzunguka alama za ugonjwa kwenye majani husaidia kutofautisha ugonjwa wa Common rust na ule wa Gray leaf spot. |
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Suluhisho/ Kutibu: 1. Panda mbegu za mahindi zenye kuweza kukabiliana na hili tatizo 2. Pulizia kemikali za kumaliza fangasi kwenye majani kama Copper oxychloride, Folicur, Amistar, Bravo and Score kuanzia dalili zinapoanza kuonekana kwenye majani. |
Soma pia: Grey Leaf Spot, Phaesosphaeria Leaf Spot, Northern Corn Leaf Blight, Northern Corn Leaf Spot, Physoderma Brown Spot, Common Rust, Southern Rust, Eyespot, Common Smut or Boil Smut, Bacterial Stalk Rot, Fusarium Stalk Rot, Gibberella Stalk Rot, Aspergillus Ear Rot, Fusarium Ear Rot, Gibberella Ear Rot, Diplodia Ear Rot, Penicillium Ear Rot, Maize Streak Virus, Maize Chlorotic Mottle virus, Sugarcane Mosaic Virus, Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease, Nitrogen Deficiency, Magnesium Deficiency, Phosphorous Deficiency, Potassium Deficiency, Pinking, Multiple Ears on Same Shank Syndrome, na Herbicide Toxicity.