Mwanzo Kuandaa Shamba Mbegu & Kupanda Kutunza Shamba Kuvuna & Kuhifadhi Maswali | Majadiliano Mawasiliano & Ushauri Uza na Kununua

Kutunza Shamba

Sehemu hii tutazungumzia jinsi ya kutunza shamba la mahindi ambapo tutagusia mambo makuu manne (4) ambayo ni; nyasi na magugu shambani, mbolea, wadudu shambani, pamoja na matumizi ya kemikali shambani. Mambo haya manne yamefafanuliwa zaidi hapa chini.

Southern Rust

Wadudu: Fangasi: Puccinia polysora
Dalili:
1. Hutoa vijidonda/ vijialama/ vijiuvimbe vya rangi ya chungwa inayong’aa, hasahasa sehemu ya juu jani/ majani na mara nyingi alama hizi huwa nyingi (zimejaa) kuliko zile za kwenye ugonjwa wa Common rust
2. Pia alama hizi huwa na muundo wa yai na mviringo zaidi kuliko alama kama hizi kwenye ugonjwa wa Common rust ambapo alama hizi hurefuka zaidi
3. Alama hizi hubadilika na kuwa na rangi ya kikahawia chokoleti mmea unapokomaa. Ugonjwa ukizidi majani yanaweza kubadilika na kuwa na rangi ya njano, kukauka na kufa mapema
Suluhisho/ Kutibu:
1. Panda mbegu za mahindi zenye kuweza kukabiliana na hili tatizo
2. Pulizia kemikali za kumaliza fangasi kwenye majani kama Copper oxychloride, Folicur, Amistar, Bravo na Score kwa kuanzia kipindi hizi dalili/ alama zinapoanza kuonekana kwenye majani

Soma pia: Grey Leaf Spot, Phaesosphaeria Leaf Spot, Northern Corn Leaf Blight, Northern Corn Leaf Spot, Physoderma Brown Spot, Common Rust, Southern Rust, Eyespot, Common Smut or Boil Smut, Bacterial Stalk Rot, Fusarium Stalk Rot, Gibberella Stalk Rot, Aspergillus Ear Rot, Fusarium Ear Rot, Gibberella Ear Rot, Diplodia Ear Rot, Penicillium Ear Rot, Maize Streak Virus, Maize Chlorotic Mottle virus, Sugarcane Mosaic Virus, Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease, Nitrogen Deficiency, Magnesium Deficiency, Phosphorous Deficiency, Potassium Deficiency, Pinking, Multiple Ears on Same Shank Syndrome, na Herbicide Toxicity.

Matumizi ya Kemikali Shambani

Makundi na faida za kemikali za Kilimo, Matumizi salama ya kemikali za Kilimo, Kuweka kemikali za Kilimo shambani, Kuchanganya kemikali za Kilimo, Kabla ya kupulizia, Wakati wa kupulizia, Baada ya kupulizia, Kutupa makopo ya Kemikali, na Kujisafisha mwenyewe na chombo cha kupulizia.